To provide the student with a broad understanding of the principles of mass transfer and its applications To enable the student to develop expertise in the analysis and design of separation processes. To give the student practical experience in the operation of separation processes.

Mass transfer, diffusion in gases and liquids, laws of diffusive flux, mass transfer in solids, unsteady state mass transfer. Mass transfer across phase boundaries, mass transfer coefficients. Separation operations, vapour-liquid systems, plate and packed columns, McCabe - Thiele plots, equilibrium stages, stage efficiencies, HETP and HTU. NTU approaches to packed column design. Distillation continuous and batch. Gas absorption and stripping. Use of triangular composition diagrams, leaching, mixer-settlers. Evaporation, forward and back-feed operation, efficiency.

On successful completion of this module students should be able to: • Define the important principles of mass transfer and its applications in chemical processing. • Enumerate the concept of the mass transfer coefficient and the formulation of mathematical models describing mass transfer in simple systems. • Apply the principles behind the analysis and design of separation processes. • List, solve and describe basic problems in batch distillation, identify the concept of reflux, and appreciate the importance of reflux ratio. • Outline and order continuous stagewise separation processes for binary systems, gas absorption/liquid stripping, distillation, and liquid-liquid extraction with immiscible solvents by the McCabe-Thiele method. • Present the NTU approach to determine the height required in packed columns for separation systems. • Examine the use of triangular diagrams to determine the number of ideal stages required for stagewise leaching. • Recount material and heat balances to design single and multistage evaporator units for aqueous feeds.

On successful completion of this module students should be able to: • Develop a deep appreciation for the importance of mass transfer principles in chemical processing, recognizing their fundamental role in various industrial applications and their impact on process efficiency. • Recognize and value the principles behind the analysis and design of separation processes, understanding the critical role of these principles in achieving efficient and effective separation of components in chemical processing. • Cultivate intrinsic motivation for listing, solving, and describing basic problems in batch distillation, showcasing a commitment to applying problem-solving skills in the design and operation of batch distillation processes.

On successful completion of this module students should be able to: • Demonstrate practical competence in the operation of practical experience in the operation of some separation processes. • Record and report laboratory results systematically.

This module will be taught through a formal lecture and tutorial mode. Students will also complete laboratory sessions, during the semester. All results and observations are to be recorded, in a suitable notebook, during each laboratory session and a report subsequently completed and submitted. These reports will then form part of the overall module assessment for each student. Recent developments and research findings in separation operations, including advancements in distillation, gas absorption, and related processes, are incorporated through updated curriculum content, practical case studies, and updated course materials.