Electrical machines, including electric motors, generators and condensers, are key for the conversion of energy to/from electricity, they are essential for the reliability and stability of ac electrical grids and for our transition to alternative energy sources. On completion of this module the student will have a detailed understanding of the theory and practical operation of such machines.

In this module, we will investigate concepts and principles related to electromagnetism, electrical machines, transformers, and AC power systems. We will review fundamental laws, analyze magnetic circuits, and understand the principles behind transformers. Additionally, we will explore the construction and operation of DC motors and generators, as well as AC machines. Throughout the module, we will also discuss the importance of power calculations, power factor correction, and the advantages of 3-phase systems. By the end of this module, you will have gained a solid foundation in electromagnetism and electrical machines, covering the following topics: 1. Electromagnetism: Review of electromagnetism; Faraday's, Ampere's, and Lenz's laws; Flux, flux density, magnetic field intensity, and reluctance; Self and mutual inductance; Magnetic materials and BH curves; Core losses 2. Magnetic Circuits: Electric circuit analogies; Analysis of simple magnetic circuits 3. Transformers: Construction and principles of transformers; Ideal transformer; Voltage and current transformers; Power transformers; Single-phase and three-phase transformers; Equivalent circuits; Open and short circuit tests; Application in power systems; Introduction to the per-unit system 4. DC Motors and Generators: Construction and principles of DC machines; Types of DC machines: separately excited, series, shunt, and compound machines; Voltage and torque equations; Equivalent circuits and power flow; Machine characteristics: open circuit/magnetization, speed, torque, and dynamic characteristics; Application of DC machines in modern power generation and motion control 5. AC Machines: Rotating magnetic fields; Alternators and three-phase generators; Types of AC machines: salient pole and cylindrical rotor; Derivation of equivalent circuit from open circuit and short circuit tests; Synchronous reactance; Phasor diagram (for cylindrical rotor machines) and Power Angle Curve; Synchronizing to an infinite busbar; Steady-state stability limit 6. Induction Machines: Single-phase and three-phase induction machines; Derivation of equivalent circuit; Determination of torque-speed characteristic; Locked-rotor and no-load tests; Induction generator; Introduction to V/F control; Starting methods and protection 7. Electrical Machines Developments for Renewable Energy Generation: Overview of advancements in electrical machines for renewable energy applications 8. AC Power: Real and reactive power calculations; Power factor correction; Analysis of balanced three-phase systems; Star and delta connected loads; Advantages of three-phase systems; Introduction to the per-unit system By exploring these topics, we aim to provide you with a comprehensive understanding of electromagnetism, electrical machines, and AC power systems. Through this knowledge, you will be well-equipped to contribute to the development and implementation of renewable energy generation.

On successful completion of this module, students will be able to: Perform calculations in analysing magnetic circuits. Describe the construction and operation of electical machines and use specification/nameplate data and equivalent circuits to determine electrical and mechanical performance. Apply phasors and complex power theory in the anbalysis of single-phase and three phase transformers. Calculate required passive power factor correction on simple power systems. Describe the construction, operation and equivalent circuit of single phase and three phase transformers. Derive the equivalent circuit of an induction machine from machine test data. Analyse induction machine behaviour under load conditions.

On successful completion of this module, students will be able to: Appreciate the importance of electrical machines in the conversion of mechanical work to electricity and vice versa. Recognise the essential role played by electrical machines in the delivery and stabilisation of electrical grids and their relevance and importance in the study of energy systems.

On successful completion of this module, students will be able to: Perform experiments requiring precise measurement.

Students will learn through a series of lectures, labs and tutorials. Lab-based interactive experiments will promote the curiosity of the students and develop their understanding of the key aspects of the electrical machines. This learning environment will encourage tenacity and students will be encouraged to articulate and discuss their understanding of the electrical machines they investigate facilitating the development of educated opinions on electrical machines: including the advantages and disadvantages of different electrical motors, generators and condensers.