This module introduces the fundamental concepts of mechanics and heat. This knowledge underpins the engineering and technology on which modern society depends. Key topics include newton's laws, conservation of mass, energy and momentum, rotational motion, statics, dynamics, work, energy, power, hydrostatics, gas laws, heat, thermodynamics and energy efficiency. The module provides engineering students with a comprehensive foundation in mechanics and heat. It emphasizes both theoretical understanding and practical application through laboratory work. The principles covered form a core foundation for each engineering student's degree programme and are further developed, both in theory and practice, throughout the subsequent years of engineering programmes at the University of Limerick.

This module introduces the foundational principles of classical mechanics, thermodynamics, and fluid dynamics, with a strong emphasis on experimental methods and analytical problem-solving. The indicative content is outlined as follows: Measurement and Units: This introductory section covers the essential concepts of physical measurement, including SI units, precision, accuracy, and uncertainty. It provides a short introduction to propagation of errors in experimental data, laying the groundwork for measurement and analysis performed in the labs. Emphasis is placed on the importance of measurement tolerance. Mechanics: Statics, Kinematics, and Dynamics This section introduces the principles of statics and dynamics, focusing on motion in one and two dimensions. Newton's Laws of Motion are examined in detail, alongside the concepts of friction, tension, spring constants, pulleys and free-body diagrams. These principles form the basis for understanding forces and motion in physical systems. Work, Energy, and Power This section explores the work-energy theorem and the conservation of energy in mechanical systems. It introduces the concept of power and mechanical efficiency, providing insight into energy transformations and the performance of machines. Momentum and Collisions This section presents the principles of impulse and momentum, including the conservation laws governing elastic and inelastic collisions. It emphasizes the application of Newton's Second Law and the dynamics of interacting bodies. Rotational Motion and Oscillations This section introduces rotational kinematics and dynamics, including angular velocity, torque, angular acceleration, and moment of inertia. It also covers rotational kinetic energy, centripetal acceleration, angular momentum, angular impulse and introduces simple harmonic motion through systems such as springs and pendulums. Fluid Mechanics and Hydrostatics This section explores the behaviour of fluids under static conditions. Topics include gravitational fields, potential energy, density, buoyancy, and hydrostatic pressure. The kinetic energy of incompressible fluids is also introduced, providing a bridge to fluid dynamics. Gas Theory This section presents the states of matter and the ideal gas law, along with kinetic theory. It examines the relationships between pressure, temperature, and molecular motion, and introduces real gases and deviations from ideal behaviour. Heat Transfer This section introduces the laws of thermodynamics, focusing on the Zeroth, First, and an introduction to the Second Law. It defines conduction, convection, and radiation, and includes detailed problem-solving on heat transfer by conduction. Introduction to Heat Engines This section explores the concept of work done by a gas and the efficiency of heat engines. It introduces the Carnot cycle and the steam engine, providing a foundational understanding of thermodynamic cycles and energy conversion. Laboratory Component This practical section involves hands-on experiments in mechanics and thermodynamics. Students will engage in data collection, analysis, and technical report writing, developing essential skills in scientific communication and experimental physics.

On successful completion of this module, students will: • Explain and describe the fundamental physical principles, experimental observations, and theoretical foundations of mechanics, heat, and states of matter. • Derive and apply essential equations and relationships from first principles, including those in mechanics, gas laws, thermodynamics, and simple harmonic motion, to solve quantitative problems involving motion, forces, energy, rotation, and thermal systems. • Record, analyse, and interpret experimental data systematically, demonstrating an understanding of measurement uncertainty and tolerance to draw valid conclusions.

On successful completion of this module, students will: • Recognise and appreciate the importance of fundamental physics concepts, particularly mechanics and heat, in modern engineering practice and real-world problem solving. • Value the role of experimental observation, theoretical understanding, and measurement accuracy in the development of safe, efficient, and innovative engineering solutions.

On successful completion of this module, students will: • Conduct experiments safely and accurately, including the correct setup, calibration, and operation of mechanical and thermal laboratory equipment.

Teaching Methods • The module is delivered through a combination of lectures, practical laboratory sessions, student-led experimentation, and tutorials. • Lectures establish the theoretical foundation; tutorials reinforce problem-solving and application; laboratory sessions develop experimental, analytical, and reporting skills. Learning Experience • Active, student-centred, and collaborative learning is emphasised. • Laboratories and tutorials provide opportunities for peer interaction, teamwork, and reflection. • Applied learning tools and the use of UL's VLE support inclusivity, flexibility, and alignment with the skills required for engineering practice. Learning Environment (Aligned with UL Integrated Curriculum Framework) • Designed to be interactive, learner-centred, research-informed, and transformative. • Challenge-driven activities encourage students to question assumptions and link physical principles to real-world engineering contexts. • Research-led examples are embedded, drawing on ongoing research in physics and engineering. Graduate Attributes The module contributes directly to UL's Graduate Attributes by supporting students to become: • Articulate: through laboratory reports and tutorial and laboratory discussions. • Agile: through problem-solving across multiple domains of physics. • Curious: through engagement with laboratories, exposure to recent research, and application of established scientific methodology. • Courageous: by challenging assumptions and embracing experimental uncertainty. • Responsible: through consideration of the impact of physics in engineering and understanding underlying fundamental principles.